Rusia: Comprar

Industrial and Manufacturing Profile

Type of Production: Industry represents about a quarter of the GDP and a sixth of all employment. The trend is towards a drop.
Traditionally the most developed sectors are heavy industry (metallurgy and chemicals) as well as the automobile industry and aeronautics.

Manufacturers Associations of the Main Industries: 32 professional associations listed for Russia.

Original Equipment Manufacturers: They are especially developed in the sectors of the automobile industry, IT and industrial plant (in particular machines for extracting raw materials) in the form of joint-ventures.
These are generally capital-intensive sectors with a non-negligeable technological component, for which domestic demand is strong.
Original Design Manufacturers: ODMs are less widespread.
They are concentrated in the electronics and microelectronics sectors, where salaries are relatively low in relation to the level of qualification.
They are mostly Russian companies.
Subcontractors: This activity is often linked to the country's natural resources: metal parts, plastics and resins but also electronic components. It is particulaly concentrated in the technological fields of excellence which are aeronautics, aerospace and nuclear energy.
For further information, consult a website listing sub-contractors.
Useful Resources: A.T. Kearney - Global Management Consultants

Multi-sector Directories: Cosmetics in Russia - "The list of ""Who is Who"" in the industry of cosmetics in Russia."
All.biz - Russia - Directory of companies in Russia.
Ambercity.ru - Directory of businesses in Kaliningrad.
Grand Encyclopedia of Russian Goods and Services Producers - An encyclopedia of Russian goods and service providers in the Internet.
InfoDriveIndia Business Directory - Find actual buyers and suppliers from three countries. Export-import customs data.
Openrussia - Partners search system.
Rusadres - Find businesses in Russia.
Rusmarket - Russian businesses directory.
Russian Yellow Pages - Russia's business directory.
The Yellow Pages - Find a business in Russia.

To search directories by industry in Russia, check out our service Directorios en línea.

Domestic Marketplaces: Rusbiz.com
Rusmarket
Go4russiabusiness.com
Open Russia.ru
Biznesinfo
Pulset
Optom.ru
Opt.py
Sibfirm
Regional Marketplaces: Business.su
CIS Market
B2B SNG
Central Asian Market

To go further, check out our service Mercados digitales.

Trade Agencies and Their Representations Abroad: Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Moscow Trade House
Trade representations are located in Embassies.
To obtain the contact details of the Embassy in your country, click on the map.
Fairs and Trade Shows: ConsumExpo (Moscow, consumer goods)
ProdExpo (Moscow, foodstuffs)
Sviaz-ExpoComm (Moscow, telecommunications)
Metal-Expo (Moscow, metallurgy)
Khimia (Moscow, chemistry)
Moscow International Automobile Salon
Shows in Russia, in the CIS and worldwide
Trade Shows Directory
RESTEC Exhibitions
Unex international portal for information

To go further, check out our service Ferias comerciales.

Learn more about Service Providers in Russia on Globaltrade.net, the Directory for International Trade Service Providers.

Restrictions: Exporting mineral ores and semi-precious stones, perishable goods, liqueur, caviar and arms is prohibited.
Exporting precious stones and metals, as well as cultural and artistic goods must have a special authorization.
Export Taxes: Russia has recently increased export taxes and the area they cover.
Now they cover 154 lines of the Harmonized System, with rates which may reach 50%. They mainly concern energy products, ferrous and non-ferrous mineral ores, skins and wood.
Export Clearance: To obtain a refund of VAT, the exporter must provide the Federal Tax Service with supporting documents (dossier, invoices, proof of passage at the border and of payment of taxes). Examining the dossier and refunding the VAT takes 3 months. Because the system was often abused in the past, the fiscal authorities are very strict.
At Customs, they ask for the export agreement, the invoice, the passport of the transaction as well as Customs fees (0.15% minimum).
Necessary Declaration: You have to give the Seller's name, the Buyer's name, the tariff line concerned (in the Harmonized System) as well as the Customs value. Note that the seller must obligatorily be a Russian legal entity, so subsidiaries or representative offices must go through Russian intermediaries.

Main Useful Means of Transport: Even if the rolling stock needs modernizing, the rail network is the most used means of goods transport.
It represents 7% of global traffic.
There are no motorways and the infrastructure is inadequate for goods transport (19% of all goods traffic). Nevertheless, projects are underway to open up the country towards the West.
Russia has 41 large ports of which only 11 are equiped with infrastructures for import-export; the biggest one is St Petersburg (42 million tonnes). The country is open to the sea on 3 sides: the Baltic sea, the Black sea and the Pacific Ocean. The government has an ambitious modernization project and wants to increase the capacities of port terminals.
Domestic air freight is not widespread.

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Learn more about Sourcing in Russia on Globaltrade.net, the Directory for International Trade Service Providers.